Dialektika Teori Kontrak Sosial dan Pancasila dalam Penguatan Peran Civil Society di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61105/issr.v4i2.459Keywords:
Pancasila, Civil Society, Kontrak Sosial, Karakter Warga Negara, Partisipasi PublikAbstract
Pancasila as the Staatsfundamentalnorm faces substantive challenges in the era of disruption, characterized by the waning understanding of national values among the younger generation and growing public mistrust toward the government. This study aims to analyze the role of civil society in internalizing Pancasila values and shaping civic character. Utilizing a normative juridical method with a legal philosophy and statutory approach, this research compares the social contract theories of John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau within the framework of Pancasila. The results show that Indonesian civil society continues to uphold the noble virtues of Pancasila through the manifestation of social solidarity (the "warga jaga warga" phenomenon) as a form of social contract between the people and the state. However, the power of civil society remains largely fragmented at the level of community groups or Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). This condition is driven by a lack of effective communication channels and the prevalence of meaningless participation in public policy formulation. This study concludes that civil society groups play a crucial role in shaping civic character; thus, expanding meaningful public participation spaces and strengthening legal instruments are essential requirements for realizing a balanced Pancasila democracy.
Pancasila sebagai Staatsfundamentalnorm menghadapi tantangan substantif pada era disrupsi, yang ditandai oleh memudarnya pemahaman nilai-nilai kebangsaan di kalangan generasi muda serta menguatnya krisis kepercayaan (untrust) publik terhadap pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran masyarakat sipil (civil society) dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dan membentuk karakter warga negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan filsafat hukum dan perundang-undangan, mengomparasikan teori kontrak sosial John Locke dan Jean-Jacques Rousseau dalam kerangka Pancasila. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa civil society di Indonesia masih memegang teguh nilai luhur Pancasila melalui manifestasi solidaritas sosial (fenomena warga jaga warga) sebagai wujud kontrak sosial antara rakyat dan negara. Namun, kekuatan masyarakat sipil saat ini masih cenderung terfragmentasi pada tingkat kelompok atau Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM). Kondisi ini dipicu oleh minimnya saluran komunikasi yang efektif serta maraknya meaningless participation dalam proses pembentukan kebijakan publik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kelompok masyarakat sipil memegang peran krusial dalam pembentukan karakter warga negara, sehingga pembukaan ruang partisipasi publik yang bermakna dan penguatan instrumen hukum menjadi syarat mutlak dalam mewujudkan demokrasi Pancasila yang seimbang.
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