Mapping Social Responsibility Theory in Media and Journalism: A Bibliometric Analysis (2001–2025)

Authors

  • Sakhidad Mahdiyar Department of Journalism and Media Studies, Kocaeli University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-0014
  • Göktürk Yıldız Department of Journalism and Media Studies, Kocaeli University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61105/issr.v4i1.408

Keywords:

Social Responsibility Theory, Media Ethics, Bibliometric Analysis, Journalism Studies, VOSviewer

Abstract

This study examines the intellectual structure and evolving trajectory of Social Responsibility Theory (SRT) within media and journalism studies through a bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2001 and 2025. Drawing on data (n = 54) retrieved from the Scopus database , the analysis employs VOSviewer to map co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence patterns, co-citation relationships, and bibliographic coupling structures. The findings reveal a highly fragmented and weakly connected research landscape, characterized by limited scholarly collaboration, low cross-national citation exchange, and the absence of a cohesive theoretical core. While earlier studies are anchored in normative concerns such as ethics, accountability, and democracy, more recent research reflects a shift toward digital-era issues, including misinformation, social media, and platform governance. However, this thematic expansion appears to be reactive rather than theoretically integrative, with SRT functioning more as a residual normative reference than as a dynamic framework. Overall, the results suggest that SRT occupies an increasingly peripheral position in contemporary media scholarship, raising critical questions about its adaptability to the complexities of the digital communication environment. By providing a systematic mapping of the field, this study contributes to ongoing debates on the relevance and future of normative media theories in a rapidly transforming media ecosystem.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abbas, U. (2025). Media ethics and legal accountability in the digital age. Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism & Mass Communication, 12(3&4), 6–11. https://adrjournalshouse.com/index.php/Journalism-MassComm/article/view/2416

Adanlawo, E. F., & Rugbeer, H. (2021). Media and democracy: is conventional media performing the role of the fourth estate of the realm? Journal of African Films and Diaspora Studies, 4(2), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-2713/2021/4n2a2

Alam, A. S., & Alam, W. (2024). A synthesis of social responsibility theory and fact-checking ethics codes. The Journal of International Communication, 30(2), 451–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/13216597.2024.2383193

Apuke, O. D., & Omar, B. (2021). Media and conflict reporting: a content analysis and victims assessment of media coverage of the conflict between Farmers and Herdsmen in Nigeria. Security Journal 2021 35:2, 35, 345–366. https://doi.org/10.1057/S41284-020-00280-0

Asak, M. O., & Molale, T. B. (2020). Deconstructing de-legitimisation of mainstream media as sources of authentic news in the post-truth era. Communicatio, 46(4), 50–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/02500167.2020.1723664

Bello, S. A., Talabi, F. O., Olawunmi, B., & Omitola, A. A. (2025). Freedom of expression and the role of the media in promoting individual rights in Nigeria: a theoretical review. African Journal of Law and Justice System, 4(2), 105–122. https://doi.org/10.31920/2753-3123/2025/V4N2A5

Boyles, J. L., & Meyer, E. (2016). Letting the data speak. Digital Journalism, 4(7), 944–954. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1166063

Cao, L. (2025). Ethical journalism under an evolving digital landscape—challenges and opportunities. Communications in Humanities Research, 95(1), 143–149. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2025.HT29459

Christians, C. G., Glasser, T. L., McQuail, D., Nordenstreng, K., & White, R. A. (2009). Normative theories of the media: journalism in democratic societies. University of Illinois Press.

Dereli, A. B. (2024). Bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer. Communicata, 28, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.32952/communicata.1517725

Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2021.04.070

Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: How great is the impact? Scientometrics 2015 105:3, 105(3), 1809–1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11192-015-1645-Z

Erubami, J. A., Bebenimibo, P., & Ohaja, E. U. (2021). Newspaper exposure, efficacy feeling and political apathy among youths in south-east Nigeria. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 29(3), 1611. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.29.3.08

Gearhart, S., & Cho, J. (2020). Mapping the history of journalism & mass communication educator: 30 years of publication (1990–2019). Journalism and Mass Communication Educator, 75(4), 375–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077695820926084

Gibbs, J. (2025). The BBC’s controversy committee, 1928–1929. Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, 45(1), 168–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2024.2435085

Gillespie, T. (2018). Custodians of the internet: platforms, content moderation, and the hidden decisions that shape social media (1st ed.). Yale University Press.

Groos, O. V., & Pritchard, A. (1969). Documentation notes. Journal of Documentation, 25(4), 344–349. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026482

Kato Nabirye, H. (2025). The future of journalism: ethics in the digital landscape. Research Invention Journal of Law, Communication and Languages, 5(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.59298/RIJLCL/2025/511700

McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail’s mass communication theory (6th ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.

Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2015). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: a comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106, 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11192-015-1765-5

Napoli, P. M. (2019). Social media and the public interest: media regulation in the disinformation age (1st ed.). Columbia University Press.

Napoli, P. M. (2021). The platform beat: Algorithmic watchdogs in the disinformation age. European Journal of Communication, 36(4), 376–390. https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231211028359

Nee, R. C. (2014). Social responsibility theory and the digital nonprofits: Should the government aid online news startups? Journalism, 15(3), 326–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884913482553

Onayinka, T. S., Olalekan Rufai, M., Afam Kenechukwu, S., Christiana Ibenyenwa, N., Ojo, O. S., Oluwasola, O., Oluwakemi Onipede, G., & kayode Ayanwoye, O. (2025). Assessment of media capture and ethical challenges in reporting corruption in Nigeria. Journal of African Films and Diaspora Studies, 8(3), 45–66. https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-2713/2025/V8N3A3

Oyesomi, K., Salawu, A., & Onyenankeya, K. (2019). Newspapers’ compliance with the code of election coverage of the 2015 elections and citizens participation: Implication for journalism education and professionalism. African Renaissance, 16(1), 41–64. https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-5305/2019/V16N1A3

Pickard, V. (2019). Democracy without journalism? Confronting the misinformation society. In Democracy without Journalism? (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780190946753.001.0001

Pitout, M., & Ndlovu, M. (2001). The South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) and the social responsibility media theory: the case of Yizo Yizo. Communicatio, 27(2), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/02500160108537903

Pranckutė, R. (2021). Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus: The titans of bibliographic information in today’s academic world. Publications, 9(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/PUBLICATIONS9010012

Prelate, M. S., Rakgwatha, M. J., & Modima, M. P. (2025). The impact of media convergence on the sustainability of community radio stations in limpopo province. Journal of African Films and Diaspora Studies, 8(2), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-2713/2025/V8N2A1

Schauster, E. E., Ferrucci, P., & Neill, M. S. (2016). Native advertising is the new journalism: how deception affects social responsibility. American Behavioral Scientist, 60(12), 1408–1424. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764216660135

Shiraliyeva, S. (2026). Navigating digital media ethics: challenges and responsibilities. Communications, 13(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.11648/J.COM.20261301.11

Siebert, F. S., Peterson, T., & Schramm, W. (1963). Four theories of the press: The authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility, and Soviet communist concepts of what the press should be and do (1st ed.). University of Illinois Press.

Small, H. (1973). Co‐citation in the scientific literature: a new measure of the relationship between two documents. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 24(4), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.1002/ASI.4630240406

Sobel Cohen, M., & McIntyre, K. (2019). Local-language radio stations in kenya: helpful or harmful? African Journalism Studies, 40(3), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2020.1729830

van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84, 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11192-009-0146-3

Wagner, C. S., & Leydesdorff, L. (2005). Network structure, self-organization, and the growth of international collaboration in science. Research Policy, 34(10), 1608–1618. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RESPOL.2005.08.002

Waisbord, S. (2019). Communication: a post-discipline (1st ed.). Polity Press.

Ward, S. J. A. (2015). The invention of journalism ethics: the path to objectivity and beyond (2nd ed.). McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629

Downloads

Published

2026-04-01

How to Cite

Mahdiyar, S., & Yıldız, G. (2026). Mapping Social Responsibility Theory in Media and Journalism: A Bibliometric Analysis (2001–2025). Indonesian Social Science Review, 4(1), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.61105/issr.v4i1.408

Issue

Section

Articles